Faculty Publications

To request copies of publications, contact cbec@siut.org

Wahid, Nida. “A Criminal Silence over War Crimes.” Dawn, July 15, 2024. https://www.dawn.com/news/1845953.
‌Shekhani, Sualeha, and Aamir Jafarey. “Amid Explosions in Gaza, The Silence from the Bioethics Community is Deafening.” Journal of Bioethical Inquiry (2024): 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-024-10364-w.
Shekhani, Sualeha. “Daughters and Daughters-in-law Providing Elderly Care: A Qualitative Study from Karachi, Pakistan.” BMC Geriatrics 24, no. 1 (2024): 785. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-05295-5.
Shirazi, Bushra, Qamar Riaz, Aamir Mustafa Jafarey, Rashida Ahmed, and Mohammad Shahid Shamim. “The Current Status and Challenges of Bioethics Education in Undergraduate Medical Education in Karachi, Pakistan.” BMC Medical Education 24, no. 1 (2024): 737. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-05599-5.
Wahid, Nida, and Bushra Shirazi. “Clinical Ethics – Text, Context, and Economics.” In Bioethics in Pakistan: Local Contexts, Local Cases, edited by Kulsoom Ghias, Murad M. Khan, Kausar S. Khan, and Sameer Nizamuddin. Karachi: Lightstone Publishers, 2023. https://ecommons.aku.edu/books/89
Chattopadhyay, Sreeparna, and Sualeha Siddiq Shekhani. “Race, Research, and Bioethics: The Chapatis Studies.” The Hastings Center, October 27, 2023. https://www.thehastingscenter.org/research-race-and-bioethics-the-chapatis-studies/.
Jafarey, Aamir, Sualeha Shekhani, Faiz Raza, and Sumera Naz. “Situation analysis of research ethics governance in Pakistan.” Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal29, no. 7 (2023): 500-507. https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.23.069.
Shekhani, Sualeha Siddiq, Farhat Moazam, and Aamir Jafarey. “Fighting the COVID‐19 pandemic: A socio‐cultural insight into Pakistan.” Developing World Bioethics24 (2023): 231–242. https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12413.
Rizvi, Daliya, and Sualeha Shekhani. “Bioethics and adolescents: a comparative analysis of student views and knowledge regarding biomedical ethics.” International Journal of Ethics Education8, no. 1 (2023): 165-176. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40889-022-00157-3.
Shirazi, Bushra, Sualeha Siddiq Shekhani, and Farhat Moazam. “Teaching bioethics online during Covid-19: Reflections from Pakistan.” International Journal of Ethics Education8, no. 1 (2023): 85-98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40889-022-00155-5.
Lanewala, Ali Asghar Anwar, and SUALEHA SIDDIQ Shekhani. “Indirect costs associated with” free” paediatric haemodialysis: Experience from Karachi, Pakistan.” Indian Journal of Medical Ethics8, no. 1 (2023): 13-23. https://doi.org/10.20529/IJME.2022.006.
Masood, Farid Bin, Asma Nasim, Shahid Saleem, and Aamir Mustafa Jafarey. “COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among health service providers: a single centre experience from Karachi, Pakistan.” Journal of Pakistan Medical Association 72, no. 6 (2022): 1142-1147. https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.4416.
Shekhani, Sualeha, Saima Iqbal, and Aamir Jafarey. “Adapting the Ethical Review Process for COVID-19 Research: Reviewers’ Perspectives from Pakistan.” Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal27, no. 11 (2021): 1045-1051. https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.21.053.
Shekhani, Sualeha and Ali Lanewala. “Ethical Challenges in Dialysis and Transplantation: Perspectives from the Developing World.” Seminars in Nephrology41, no. 3 (2021): 211–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semnephrol.2021.05.002.
Shekhani, Sualeha Siddiq. “Intersection of Mental Illness, the Supernatural, and Gender in Pakistan.” Hektoen International Journal 13, no. 2 (2021). https://hekint.org/2021/01/20/intersection-of-mental-illness-the-supernatural-and-gender-in-pakistan/.
Shirazi, Bushra, and Sualeha Shekhani. “Patient’s expectations of privacy and confidentiality in Pakistan: A mixed-methods study.” Journal of Pakistan Medical Association71, no. 2 (2021): 537-539. https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.888.
Jafarey, Aamir, and Natasha Anwar. “A Never Ending Vaccine Story.” The News International, July 12, 2020. https://www.thenews.com.pk/tns/detail/684800-a-never-ending-vaccine-story.
Moazam, Farhat, and Aamir Jafarey. “Realigning Pakistan’s Bioethics Center during Covid‐19.” Hastings Center Report50, no. 3 (2020): 8-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/hast.1120.
Shekhani, Sualeha, Natasha Anwar, and Mariam Hassan. “Plasma Therapy for Covid-19: The Hopes and the Hype.” Dawn Prism, June 25, 2020. https://www.dawn.com/news/1564954.
‌Jafarey, Aamir, and Natasha Anwar. “What Are Covid-19 Anti-Bodies? Does It Help to Test for Them? Here’s What Is Known so Far.” Dawn Prism, June 24, 2020. https://www.dawn.com/news/1564904.
Jafarey, Aamir, and Nida Wahid Bashir. “From Bouquets to Brickbat: Healthcare Workers in the Time of Covid-19.” Dawn Prism, June 23, 2020. https://www.dawn.com/news/1564715.
Jafarey, Aamir. “Ethical dilemmas in clinical care during COVID-19 pandemic.” Journal of Pakistan Medical Association 70, no. 5 (2020): S145-S148. https://doi.org/10.5455/jpma.35.
Shahid, Ghazal, and Sualeha Shekhani. “Voices of the Unheard: Living through the Karachi Lockdown as a Daily Wager.” Dawn Prism, May 12, 2020. https://www.dawn.com/news/1556052.
Moazam, Farhat. “Ethics & Covid-19.” Dawn, May 3, 2020. https://www.dawn.com/news/1554154.
Nagral, Sanjay & Aamir Jafarey. “A Task for South Asia.” The Hindu, April 28, 2020. https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/a-task-for-south-asia/article31457045.ece.
Jafarey, Aamir, and Nida Wahid Bashir. “To Fight Covid-19, Healthcare Workers Need Responsible Citizenry, Capacity Building and Reciprocity.” Dawn Prism, April 9, 2020. https://www.dawn.com/news/1547722.
Shekhani, Sualeha, Natasha Anwar, and Mariam Hassan. “Does Plasma Therapy Treat Covid? Is It Safe? Here’s All You Need to Know about the Approach.” Dawn Prism, April 6, 2020. https://www.dawn.com/news/1546856.
‌Jafarey, Aamir, and Sualeha Shekhani. “With Covid-19, Healthcare Workers Are Having to Choose Who Gets a Chance to Live, and Who Will Be Left to Die.” Dawn Prism, March 25, 2020. https://www.dawn.com/news/1543602.
‌Khan, Anika. “Mardangi.” Himal Southasian, January 31, 2020. https://www.himalmag.com/fiction/mardangi-short-story-competition-2019.
Khan, Anika, and Rabia Nadir. “The Trouble with Tourism.” Dawn, October 20, 2019. https://www.dawn.com/news/1511771.
Jafarey, Aamir M. “The Meaninglessness of Doing Bioethics: Reality Check from a Conflict Zone.” Indian Journal of Medical Ethics 4, no. 4 (September 2019): 334. https://doi.org/10.20529/IJME.2019.054. ‌
Moazam, Farhat. “Encounters of a Different Kind.” Perspectives in Biology and Medicine62, no. 2 (2019): 337-341. https://doi.org/10.1353/pbm.2019.0017.
Shekhani, Sualeha and Asma Nasim. “Media Coverage of Larkana’s HIV Outbreak Is a Lesson in How Not to Report on Health.” Dawn Prism, May 27, 2019. https://www.dawn.com/news/1484910.
Shekhani, Sualeha Siddiq. “Intersection of Faith and Science in Garcia-Marquez’s of Love and Other Demons.” Hektoen International Journal, May 20, 2019. https://hekint.org/2019/05/20/intersection-of-faith-and-science-in-garcia-marquezs-of-love-and-other-demons/.
Khan, Anika. “Gilgamesh and medicine’s quest to conquer death.” Hektoen International Journal, May 16, 2019. https://hekint.org/2019/05/16/gilgamesh-and-medicines-quest-to-conquer-death/.
Bashir, Nida W, and Aamir Jafarey. “Nashwa’s Death Is Tragic. What Can Be Done to Prevent Such Incidents?” Dawn Prism, April 30, 2019. https://www.dawn.com/news/1479186.
‌Khan, Anika, and Sualeha Shekhani. “Are Doctors Ready for the Medical Needs of the Transgender Community?” Dawn Prism, March 28, 2019. https://www.dawn.com/news/1472414.
Khan, Anika. “Despite the Benefits That Come with the Ability to Earn, Work Is a Double-Edged Sword for Some Women.” Dawn Prism, February 7, 2019. https://www.dawn.com/news/1462386.
Shekhani, Sualeha Siddiq, and Farhat Moazam. “The Myth of ‘Doctor Brides.’” Dawn, January 27, 2019. https://www.dawn.com/news/1460104.
Shekhani, Sualeha Siddiq. “How to Respond to Pakistan’s Alarming Suicide Rates.” Dawn, November 29, 2018. https://www.dawn.com/news/1448391.
Khan, Anika, Sualeha Siddiq Shekhani, and Aamir Jafarey. “Demystifying the Practice of Khafd in the Dawoodi Bohra Community: A Commentary on the WeSpeakOut Report from India.” Indian Journal of Medical Ethics 4, no. 1 (2018): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.20529/ijme.2018.075.
‌ Azmi, Maliha, and Sualeha Shekhani. “HIV Is Not a Death Sentence. So Why Do We Treat It like One?” Dawn, June 13, 2018. https://www.dawn.com/news/1413890.
De Andrade, Marisa, Aamir Jafarey, Sualeha Siddiq Shekhani, and Nikolina Angelova. “The Ethics of Pharma–Physician Relations in Pakistan: “When in Rome”.” Ethics & Behavior29, no. 6 (2019): 473-489. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2018.1481751.
Shekhani, Sualeha Siddiq, and Aamir Jafarey. “Hockey Hero Mansoor Ahmed Would Not Have Died Had Pakistan Had a Deceased Organ Donation Programme.” Dawn, May 16, 2018. https://www.dawn.com/news/1408044.
Shekhani, Sualeha Siddiq, and Asma Nasim. “Pakistan’s Newest Health Challenge: The Typhoid Superbug.” Dawn, April 3, 2018. https://www.dawn.com/news/1399324.
‌ Shekhani, Sualeha Siddiq, and Aamir Jafarey. “Why Are Pakistani Doctors Assisting in the ‘Missing Women’ Phenomena ?” Dawn, March 16, 2018. https://www.dawn.com/news/1395651.
Moazam, Farhat, and Sualeha Shekhani. “Why Women Go to Medical College but Fail to Practice Medicine: Perspectives from the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.” Medical Education 52, no. 7 (2018): 705-715. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.13545.
‌ Shekhani, Sualeha, Shagufta Perveen, Dur-e-Sameen Hashmi, Khawaja Akbar, Sara Bachani, and Murad M. Khan. “Suicide and Deliberate Self-Harm in Pakistan: A Scoping Review.” BMC Psychiatry 18 (2018): 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1586-6.
Jafarey, Aamir, and Sualeha Shekhani. “Pakistan’s Flawed Forensic Investigation in Rape Cases Is the Weak Link in the Justice System.” Dawn, January 2, 2018. https://www.dawn.com/news/1380349.
Shekhani, Sualeha, and Aamir Jafarey. “Pakistani Medical Codes Weren’t Violated in Sending Friend Request to Sharmeen’s Sister – and That’s a Problem.” Dawn, October 30, 2017. https://www.dawn.com/news/1367064.
Moazam, Farhat. “Reading Caplan in Karachi.” Indian Journal of Medical Ethics 3, no. 1 (2018): 66-67. https://doi.org/10.20529/ijme.2017.086.
‌ Shirazi, Bushra, and Sualeha Siddiq Shekhani. “Impact of the Word “Cancer”: A Pilot Study on Breast Cancer Patients from Pakistan.” Asian Bioethics Review 9 (2017): 229-238. https://doi.org/10.1007/S41649-017-0017-9.
‌ Jafarey, Aamir M., Sualeha Siddiq Shekhani, and Bushra Shirazi. “Biobanking in the Subcontinent: Exploring Concerns.” Indian Journal of Medical Ethics 2, no. 4 (2017): 248-254. https://doi.org/10.20529/ijme.2017.065.
Khan, Anika, “Growing up Immersed in a Virtual World.” The Lahore Journal of Policy Studies 7, no. 1 (2017): 47-64. http://www.lahorejournalofpolicystudies.org/LJPS%2007-01.pdf
‌Khan, Anika. “A Case for Promulgating Ethics Education in Pakistani Schools.” Dawn, November 9, 2017. https://www.dawn.com/news/1369215.
Khan, Anika. “Locked-in Syndrome: Inside the Cocoon.” Hektoen International Journal, 9, no. 3 (2017). https://hekint.org/2017/04/17/locked-in-syndrome-inside-the-cocoon/. [Winner Of 1st Prize in Annual Essay Competition]
‌ Khan, Anika. “Surrogacy in Pakistan.” Dawn, March 11, 2017. https://www.dawn.com/news/1319664.
‌ Jafarey, Aamir, Sualeha Shekhani, Roger Gill, Bushra Shirazi, Mariam Hassan, Saima Pervaiz Iqbal, and Rubina Naqvi. “Physicians in cyberspace: finding boundaries.” Asian Bioethics Review8, no. 4 (2016): 272-289. https://doi.org/10.1353/asb.2016.0023.
‌ Moazam, “’Teaching Tools’ of Medicine.” Dawn, February 28, 2016. https://www.dawn.com/news/1242575.
Jafarey, Aamir M., Anika Khan, and Farhat Moazam. “Experience of a New Kind: External Review of a Bioethics Centre.” Asian Bioethics Review 7, no. 4 (2015): 345-358. https://doi.org/10.1353/asb.2015.0037.
‌ Martin, Dominique E., Kristof Van Assche, Beatriz Domínguez-Gil, Marta López-Fraga, Debra Budiani-Saberi, Jacob Lavee, Annika Tibell, Farhat Moazam et al. “Prevention of transnational transplant-related crimes—What more can be done?.” Transplantation100, no. 8 (2016): 1776-1784. https://doi.org/10.1097/tp.0000000000001001.
‌ Martin, Dominique E., Thomas A. Nakagawa, Marion J. Siebelink, Katrina A. Bramstedt, Joe Brierley, Fabienne Dobbels, James R. Rodrigue, Farhat Moazam et al. “Pediatric deceased donation—A report of the Transplantation Society meeting in Geneva.” Transplantation99, no. 7 (2015): 1403-1409. https://doi.org/10.1097/tp.0000000000000758.
Shamim, Muhammad Shahid, Bushra Shirazi, and Aamir Omair. “Evaluation of Diploma in Bioethics Programme, Karachi, Pakistan: An Educational Research.” Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 65, no. 4 (2015): 397-403. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25976575/.
Moazam, Farhat, and Aamir Jafarey. “Pakistan’s Experience with Kidney Transplantation and Trade: A Call for International Solidarity.” Indian Journal of Medical Ethics11, no. 3 (2014): 156-162. https://doi.org/10.20529/ijme.2014.042.
Jafarey, Aamir, and Sanjay Nagral. “Towards deceased organ donation in Asia: negotiating the challenges.” Indian Journal of Medical Ethics11, no. 3 (2014): 137-138. https://doi.org/10.20529/ijme.2014.037.
Jafarey, Aamir. “Bioethics: Challenging the New Normal.” In Textbook of Community Medicine & Public Health, edited by Sabeena Jalal and Saira Afzal. Karachi: Paramount, 2018. pp. 687-704.
Jafarey, Aamir M. “A Degree in Bioethics: An “Introspective” Analysis from Pakistan.” Indian Journal of Medical Ethics11, no. 2 (2014): 93-99. https://doi.org/10.20529/ijme.2014.024.
Moazam, Farhat. “Commentary: Living Organ Donation and Organ Shortages: Another Perspective.” In The Future of Bioethics: International Dialogues, edited by Akira Akabayashi. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199682676.003.0061.
Moazam, Farhat. “Reflections: What Goes around Us.” Dawn, August 17, 2013. https://www.dawn.com/news/1036666.
Moazam, Farhat, Aamir M. Jafarey, and Bushra Shirazi. “To Donate a Kidney: Public Perspectives from Pakistan.” Bioethics28, no. 2 (2014): 76-83. https://doi.org/10.1111/bioe.12010.
Moazam, Farhat. Review of Our Bodies Belong to God: Organ Transplants, Islam, and the Struggle for Human Dignity in Egypt, by Sherine Hamdy. European Journal of Sociology 53, no. 3 (2012): 385-389. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003975612000306.
Jafarey, Aamir M., Saima Pervaiz Iqbal, and Mariam Hassan. “Ethical review in Pakistan: the credibility gap.” The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association62, no. 12 (2012): 1354-1357. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23866494/.
‌ Moazam, Farhat. “Pakistan and kidney trade: battles won, battles to come.” Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy16 (2013): 925-928. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-012-9451-3.
Moazam, Farhat. “Off the Rack: Kidney Trade, the Hydra of Pakistan.” Dawn, August 4, 2012. https://www.dawn.com/news/739822/off-the-rack-kidney-trade-the-hydra-of-pakistan.
Moazam, Farhat. “More than Meets the Eye.” Dawn, June 16, 2012. https://www.dawn.com/news/727162/more-than-meets-the-eye.
‌Moazam, Farhat. “‘Doing Bioethics’ in Pakistan.” Bioethics Forum Essay: The Hastings Center, May 18, 2012. https://www.thehastingscenter.org/doing-bioethics-in-pakistan/.
‌ Bashir, Nida W. “Healthcare Priorities.” Dawn, March 17, 2012. https://www.karachibioethicsgroup.org/healthcare-priorities/.
Moazam, Farhat. “Sharia law and organ transplantation: through the lens of Muslim jurists.” Asian Bioethics Review3, no. 4 (2011): 316-332. https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/43/article/461974/pdf.
‌Moazam, Farhat. “Pitch It Right.” Dawn, December 10, 2011. https://www.dawn.com/news/679666/pitch-it-right.
Moazam, Farhat. “Kidney Trade: A Social Issue.” DAWN.COM, July 16, 2011. https://www.dawn.com/news/644599/kidney-trade-a-social-issue.
‌ Khan, Anika. “Beyond Paternalism: The Physician’s Identity in the Relational Web.” Asian Bioethics Review3, no. 2 (2011): 137-141. https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/43/article/440467/pdf.
Sumathipala, Athula, and Aamir Jafarey. “Ethics of disaster management, clinical care and research.” Asian Bioethics Review2, no. 2 (2010). https://muse.jhu.edu/article/416385.
‌ Sumathipala, Athula, Aamir Jafarey, Leonardo D. De Castro, Aasim Ahmad, Darryl Marcer, Sandya Srinivasan, Nandini Kumar et al. “Ethical issues in post-disaster clinical interventions and research: A developing world perspective. Key findings from a drafting and consensus generation meeting of the Working Group on Disaster Research and Ethics (WGDRE) 2007.” Asian Bioethics Review2, no. 2 (2010): 124-142. https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/43/article/416387/pdf.
Jafarey, Aamir M., and Farhat Moazam. ““Indigenizing” bioethics: The first center for bioethics in Pakistan.” Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics19, no. 3 (2010): 353-362. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0963180110000137.
Shirazi, Bushra, Aamir M. Jafarey, and Farhat Moazam. “Plagiarism and the medical fraternity: a study of knowledge and attitudes.” The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association60, no. 4 (2010): 269. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20419968/.
Jafarey, Aamir, and Farhat Moazam. “Informed Consent is a Moral Imperative.” Indian Journal of Medical Ethics7, no. 2 (2010). https://doi.org/10.20529/IJME.2010.034.
Jafarey, Aamir, and Farhat Moazam. “Presumed consent: a problematic concept.” Indian Journal of Medical Ethics6, no. 3 (2009): 153-154. https://doi.org/10.20529/IJME.2009.048.
Moazam, Farhat, Riffat Moazam Zaman, and Aamir M. Jafarey. “Conversations with kidney vendors in Pakistan: an ethnographic study.” Hastings center report39, no. 3 (2009): 29-44. https://doi.org/10.1353/hcr.0.0136.
Jafarey, Aamir. “Ethics and Money Talk.” Asian Bioethics Review1, no. 1 (2008): 62-63. https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/43/article/416278/pdf.
Wikler, D., N. Sofaer, A. Jafarey, R. P. Lei, and X. Zhang. “Unconditional compensation: reducing the costs of disagreement about compensation for research subjects.” EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 13, no. 1 (2007): 6-16. https://www.emro.who.int/emhj/1301/13_1_2007_6_16.pdf.
Jafarey, Aamir. “Informed consent: views from Karachi.” EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 12, sno. 1 (2006), S50-55. http://applications.emro.who.int/emhj/12_S1/12_S1_2006_50_55.pdf.
Moazam, Farhat. “Research and developing countries: hopes and hypes.” EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 12 Supp. 1 (2006): S30-36. http://applications.emro.who.int/emhj/12_S1/12_S1_2006_30_36.pdf.
Jafarey, Aamir M., and A. Farooqui. “Informed consent in the Pakistani milieu: the physician’s perspective.” Journal of medical ethics31, no. 2 (2005): 93-96. https://doi.org/10.1136/jme.2002.002220.
Moazam, Farhat, and Aamir M. Jafarey. “Pakistan and biomedical ethics: Report from a Muslim country.” Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics14, no. 3 (2005): 249-255. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0963180105050346.
Shiraz, B., M. Shahzad Shamim, and A. Ahmed. “Medical ethics in surgical wards: knowledge, attitude and practice of surgical team members in Karachi.” Indian Journal of Medical Ethics2, no. 3 (2005): 94-96. http://dx.doi.org/10.20529/IJME.2005.048.
Moazam, Farhat, and Riffat Moazam Zaman. “At the interface of cultures.” The Journal of Clinical Ethics14, no. 4 (2003): 246-258. https://doi.org/10.1086/JCE200314402.
Jafarey, Aamir M., and A. Farooqui. “Ethical dilemmas and the moral reasoning of medical students.” J Pak Med Assoc 53, no. 6 (2003): 210. https://www.archive.jpma.org.pk/PdfDownload/177.
Jafarey, Aamir. ” Bioethics and Medical Education.” JPMA-Journal of Pakistan Medical Association53, no. 6 (2003): 209-210. https://www.archive.jpma.org.pk/article-details/160.
Jafarey, Aamir. “Informed consent in research and clinical situations.” JPMA-Journal of Pakistan Medical Association53, no. 5 (2003): 171-172. https://www.archive.jpma.org.pk/article-details/196.
Jafarey, Aamir M. “Conflict of interest issues in informed consent for research on human subjects: A South Asian perspective.” Science and Engineering Ethics8 (2002): 353-362. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-002-0055-9.
Jafarey, Aamir. “The bioethics group of the Aga Khan University, Karachi.” (Issues in Medical Ethics) Indian Journal of Medical Ethics, X no. 1 (2002): 163-164. https://ijme.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/817-5.pdf.